Nanotechnology in Construction for Circular Economy: Proceedings of NICOM7, 31 October–02 November, 2022, Melbourne, Australia

This open access book covers emerging opportunities and future use of nanotechnology in construction, including deep advances in cement chemistry, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, robotics, concrete technology, and extreme engineering (blast, impact and fire). The proceedings also presents sectorial interactions within the traditional construction industry supply chain, enabled by the dynamic partnership between international industry, government agencies, and universities. Nanotechnology has transformed the construction materials industry into an advanced manufacturing sector to address climate change and carbon neutrality challenges by delivering sustainable and resilient infrastructure assets. Hence, this book reports specific advances in nanoscience and nano-engineering, and their impacts on numerous novel construction materials including binders, additives, high-performance concrete materials, concrete structural systems, polymer composites, and pavement materials.

Intro -- Organization -- NICOM7 Preface -- Contents -- Nonlinear Wind-Induced Vibration Behaviors of Multi-tower Suspension Bridges Under Strong Wind Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 NAFM of Bridges -- 2.1 Three-Tower Suspension Bridge -- 2.2 2D Displacement Responses of the Closed-Box Girder -- 3 Nonlinear Flutter and Post-Flutter Behaviors of a Multi-tower Bridge -- 3.1 Turbulence Flow at Bridge Site -- 3.2 Flutter and Post-Flutter Behaviors Under Uniform Flow -- 3.3 Displacement Responses and Failure Modes Under Turbulent Flow -- 3.4 Comparison of Displacement Responses -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Thermal Transfer Effects of CRTS II Slab Track Under Various Meteorological Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Meteorological Parameter Collection -- 3 Heart Transfer Model -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Investigation on Superhydrophobicity and Piezoresistivity of Self-sensing Cement-Based Sensors Using Silane Surface Treatment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Hydrophobic Behavior -- 3.2 Piezoresistivity -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Use of Brown Coal Ash as a Replacement of Cement in Concrete Masonry Bricks -- Composition of Alkali-Silica Reaction Products in Laboratory and Field Concrete -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 ASR Testing as Per AMBT and SPSM -- 2.2 Analysis of the Composition of the ASR Products -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Behavior of Hybrid Engineered Cementitious Composites Containing Nanocellulose -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Specimen Preparation -- 3 Results of Uniaxial Compression Test -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Investigation of ASR Effects on the Load-Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Elements by Ultra-Accelerated Laboratory Test -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Materials and Mix Proportions.

2.2 Specimen Fabrication and Steam-Curing Procedure -- 2.3 Expansion Measurements -- 2.4 Mechanical Property Testing -- 2.5 Load Carrying Capacity Testing Under Four-Point Loading -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Cracking of Specimens -- 3.2 Expansion of Concrete Prisms -- 3.3 Mechanical Properties of Concrete Under Accelerated ASR Test Conditions -- 3.4 Load Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- 3D printed Ultra-High Performance Concrete: Preparation, Application, and Challenges -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preparation of 3DP-UHPC -- 2.1 Design of UHPC for 3DCP -- 2.2 Manufacturing of 3DP-UHPC -- 2.3 Mechanical Anisotropy of 3DP-UHPC -- 3 Applications of 3DP-UHPC -- 3.1 Large-Scale Special Components -- 3.2 As the Reinforcement Materials -- 3.3 As Protection Against Explosion and Impact -- 4 Challenges of 3DP-UHPC -- 4.1 Standardization of Materials -- 4.2 Flexible Design of Structures -- 5 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Nanosilica-Modified Hydrogels Encapsulating Bacterial Spores for Self-healing Concrete -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Preparation of Bacterial Spores -- 2.2 Preparation of Hydrogels Encapsulating Bacterial Spores -- 2.3 Observation of Interface Between Hydrogel and Cement Matrix -- 2.4 Revival of Bacterial Spores Encapsulated in Hydrogels After Exposure to Alkali Environments -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Reusing Alum Sludge as Cement Replacement to Develop Eco-Friendly Concrete Products -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Sample Preparation -- 2.3 Experimental Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Material Characterization -- 3.2 Reaction Degree and Hydration Mechanism of Sludge -- 3.3 Chemo-Mechanical Properties of Pastes and Strength of Blocks -- 4 Conclusions -- References.

Role of Aggregate Reactivity, Binder Composition, and Curing Temperature on the Delayed Ettringite Formation and Associated Durability Loss in Concrete -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Project Outline -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 DEF in Concrete -- 3.2 ASR-DEF in Concrete -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Effect of Blending Alum Sludge and Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag as Cement Replacement to Mitigate Alkali-Silica Reaction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Experimental Protocol -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Compressive Strength -- 3.2 ASR-Induced Expansion -- 3.3 Phase Analysis of the Mortars -- 3.4 Microstructural Characteristics and Elemental Analysis -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Optimisation of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement Based on Response Surface Method -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Design of Mixtures -- 3 Mathematical Modelling and Statistical Analysis -- 3.1 ANOVA and Adequacy Checking -- 3.2 Interaction Effects on Response -- 3.3 Response Surface Optimization Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Designing Waterborne Protective Coatings Through Manipulating the Nanostructure of Acrylic-Based Nanocomposites -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Preparation of Waterborne Acrylic Copolymer, Acrylic-Based Coatings and Coating Films -- 2.3 Characterization -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Enhanced UV Protection Through the Formation of an Acrylic-Based Nanocomposite -- 3.2 Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Acrylic-Alkyd Coating with Worm-Like Nanostructure -- 3.3 Multifunctional Acrylic-PDMS Coating with Spherical-Like Nanostructure -- 4 Conclusion -- 5 Data Availability Statement -- References -- Analysis of Categories That Delay Global Construction Projects -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Research Method.

3.1 Research Scope and Select Studies -- 3.2 Factors Identified and Classification into Categories -- 3.3 Analysis of Factor Categories -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Chloride Penetration in Low-Carbon Concrete with High Volume of SCM: A Review Study -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Chloride Penetration in LCC -- 2.1 Effect of SCM Content on Diffusion Coefficients -- 2.2 Effect of Curing Conditions on Chloride Penetration -- 2.3 Effect of Test Methods on Chloride Penetration -- 3 Conclusions -- References -- A Compact Review on the Waste-Based Lightweight Concrete: Advancement and Possibilities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (LWAC) -- 3 Structural Bond Behavior of LWC -- 4 State of the Art -- 5 Possibilities -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Influence of Reinforcement on the Loading Capacity of Geopolymer Concrete Pipe -- 1 Introduction -- 2 FE Modelling of TEB Test -- 3 Material Modelling -- 4 Load-Deflection Behavior of Concrete Pipes -- 5 Effect of Change in Reinforcement Area -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Creep of Slag Blended Cement Concrete with and Without Activator -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiments -- 2.1 Mixture Proportions and Properties -- 2.2 Creep Test Setup -- 3 Creep Model in AS3600:2018 -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Total Deformation -- 4.2 Creep Strain Measurement and Model Prediction -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Partially-Unzipped Carbon Nanotubes as Low-Concentration Amendment for Cement Paste -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 PUCNT Aqueous Suspensions -- 2.2 Cement Paste Specimens -- 2.3 Procedure -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Dispersibility in Aqueous Suspension -- 3.2 Compressive Strength -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Effect of Fine Aggregates and Test Settings on the Self-sensing Response of Cement-Based Composites with Carbon Nanotubes as Conductive Filler.

1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Materials and Sample Preparation -- 2.2 Self-sensing Test -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Materials Characterization -- 3.2 Effect of Fine Aggregate and CNT Content on Electrical and Piezoresistive Properties -- 3.3 Effect of Test Setup on Electrical and Piezoresistive Properties -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Effect of Carbonation on the Microstructure and Phase Development of High-Slag Binders -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Raw Materials -- 2.2 Carbonation Test -- 2.3 Characterization of the Mortars -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- A New Dispersion Strategy to Achieve High Performance Graphene-Based Cement Material -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Sample Preparation -- 2.3 Experimental Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Characterization of GC Material -- 3.2 Mechanical Properties of GC Material -- 3.3 Dispersion Effect -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Accelerated Mortar Bar Test to Assess the Effect of Alkali Concentration on the Alkali-Silica Reaction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Development of High-Strength Light-Weight Cementitious Composites with Hollow Glass Microspheres -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Raw Materials -- 2.2 Mix Proportions -- 2.3 Experimental Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Density, Strength and Structural Efficiency -- 3.2 SEM Analysis -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Co-effects of Graphene Oxide and Silica Fume on the Rheological Properties of Cement Paste -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Preparation of GO-Coated SF and Cement Paste -- 2.3 Testing Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Evaluation of the Surface Properties of MSF Particles and the MSF@GO -- 3.2 Rheological Properties -- 4 Conclusions -- References.